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ElasticSerarch 的常见使用操作

Kibana 使用 ​

  • 通过Kibana的Dev Tools功能，我们可以操作Elasticsearch；

  • 使用如下命令查看集群健康状态；

GET /_cat/health?v
  • 查看节点状态；
GET /_cat/nodes?v
ip        heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role   master name
127.0.0.1           16          64  34                          cdfhilmrstw *      DESKTOP-K1F7O7Q
  • 查看所有索引信息；
GET /_cat/indices?v
health status index                           uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   pms                             6cEV5X3FSYWlGEbLCsMpmg   1   0         57            0     24.3kb         24.3kb
green  open   .kibana_7.17.3_001              hrS91kWhQkajmrhF92zboQ   1   0        327          327      4.8mb          4.8mb
green  open   .tasks                          _4RSAkwvRwK-j8zDLAM6MA   1   0         12            0     22.5kb         22.5kb

索引操作 ​

  • 创建索引并查看；
PUT /customer
GET /_cat/indices?v
health status index                           uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   pms                             6cEV5X3FSYWlGEbLCsMpmg   1   0         57            0     24.3kb         24.3kb
yellow open   customer                        mU0uITAkSaeEie8fypLnFw   1   1          0            0       226b           226b
green  open   .kibana_7.17.3_001              hrS91kWhQkajmrhF92zboQ   1   0        329          336      4.8mb          4.8mb
  • 删除索引并查看；
DELETE /customer
GET /_cat/indices?v
health status index                           uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   pms                             6cEV5X3FSYWlGEbLCsMpmg   1   0         57            0     24.3kb         24.3kb
green  open   .kibana_7.17.3_001              hrS91kWhQkajmrhF92zboQ   1   0        329          336      4.8mb          4.8mb

类型操作 ​

查看文档的类型，需要完成数据搜索部分的导入才可以查看。

GET /bank/_mapping
{
  "bank" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "account_number" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "address" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "age" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "balance" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "city" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "email" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "employer" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "firstname" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "gender" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "lastname" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "state" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

文档操作（数据操作） ​

  • 在索引中添加文档；
PUT /customer/doc/1
{
  "name": "John Doe"
}
{
  "_index" : "customer",
  "_type" : "doc",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 1,
  "result" : "created",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 0,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}
  • 查看索引中的文档；
GET /customer/doc/1
{
  "_index" : "customer",
  "_type" : "doc",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 1,
  "_seq_no" : 0,
  "_primary_term" : 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
    "name" : "John Doe"
  }
}
  • 修改索引中的文档：
POST /customer/doc/1/_update
{
  "doc": { "name": "Jane Doe" }
}
{
  "_index": "customer",
  "_type": "doc",
  "_id": "1",
  "_version": 2,
  "result": "updated",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "_seq_no": 4,
  "_primary_term": 1
}
  • 删除索引中的文档；
DELETE /customer/doc/1
{
  "_index" : "customer",
  "_type" : "doc",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 2,
  "result" : "deleted",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 1,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}
  • 对索引中的文档执行批量操作；
POST /customer/doc/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name": "John Doe" }
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name": "Jane Doe" }
{
  "took" : 9,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "customer",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_version" : 3,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 2,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "customer",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 3,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    }
  ]
}

数据搜索（查询） ​

查询表达式(Query DSL)是一种非常灵活又富有表现力的查询语言，Elasticsearch使用它可以以简单的JSON接口来实现丰富的搜索功能，下面的搜索操作都将使用它。

数据导入 ​
  • 首先我们需要导入一定量的数据用于搜索，使用的是银行账户表的例子，数据结构如下：
{
    "account_number": 0,
    "balance": 16623,
    "firstname": "Bradshaw",
    "lastname": "Mckenzie",
    "age": 29,
    "gender": "F",
    "address": "244 Columbus Place",
    "employer": "Euron",
    "email": "bradshawmckenzie@euron.com",
    "city": "Hobucken",
    "state": "CO"
}
POST /bank/account/_bulk
{
  "index": {
    "_id": "1"
  }
}
{
  "account_number": 1,
  "balance": 39225,
  "firstname": "Amber",
  "lastname": "Duke",
  "age": 32,
  "gender": "M",
  "address": "880 Holmes Lane",
  "employer": "Pyrami",
  "email": "amberduke@pyrami.com",
  "city": "Brogan",
  "state": "IL"
}
......省略若干条数据
  • 导入完成后查看索引信息，可以发现bank索引中已经创建了1000条文档。
GET /_cat/indices?v
health status index                           uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   bank                            ycOSgiWjQomwzdygGwqOrQ   1   1       1000            0    374.5kb        374.5kb

常见的搜索操作 ​

ES中常见的搜索语句